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Battle of Breitenfeld (1631)
The Battle of Breitenfeld ((ドイツ語:Schlacht bei Breitenfeld); (スウェーデン語:Slaget vid Breitenfeld)) or First Battle of Breitenfeld (sometimes First Breitenfeld and in older texts Battle of Leipzig), was fought at a crossroads near Breitenfeld approximately five miles north-west of the walled city of Leipzig on September 17 (new style or Gregorian calendar), or September 7 (Julian calendar, in wide use at the time), 1631. It was the Protestants’ first major victory of the Thirty Years War.
The victory ensured that the German states would not be forcibly reconverted to Roman Catholicism. It confirmed Sweden’s Gustavus Adolphus of the House of Vasa as a great tactical leader and induced many Protestant German states to ally with Sweden against the German Catholic League, led by Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria, and the Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II.
== Prelude to the Swedish phase of the Thirty Years War ==
If the first phase of the Thirty Years War (or Wars, as some historians call it) hinged on the Palatine inheritance, this phase hinged on the liberties of various bishoprics in Lorraine and the autonomy of several Lutheran princes, including imperial Electors of Saxony and Brandenburg. The issue was not only about religion, although it manifested itself in the princely religious autonomy. At issue was the larger problem of imperial rule versus princely autonomy: at its most basic, the argument was over the nature of power and authority in the Holy Roman Empire.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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